Penulis / NIM

AHMAD RANDI / 441413046

Program Studi

S1 - PENDIDIKAN KIMIA

Pembimbing 1 / NIDN

Prof. Dr. OPIR RUMAPE, Drs., M.Si. / 0003095804

Pembimbing 2 / NIDN

DRA NURHAYATI BIALANGI, MSi / 0029056204

Abstrak

ABSTRAK Ahmad Randi. 2020. ����¯�¿�½�..."Ekstrak Metanol Biji Srikaya (Annona Squamosa L) Sebagai Insektisida Nabati Terhadap Antimakan Hama Kumbang Kepik (Epilechna varivestis)����¯�¿�½���. Skripsi, Program Studi Pendidikan Kimia, Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo. Pembimbing I Dr. Opir Rumape, M.Si dan Pembimbing II Dra. Nurhayati Bialangi, M.Si. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder pada ekstrak biji srikaya (Annona squamosa L) sebagai insektisida nabati yang dapat menyebabkan antimakan terhadap hama kumbang kepik (Epilechna Varivestis). Metode ekstraksi yang digunakan adalah ekstraksi maserasi dengan pelarut metanol dan difraksinasi dengan pelarut n-heksan dan etil asetat. Dilakukan uji fitokimia dan uji mortalitas fraksi-fraksi aktif pada hama ulat grayak. Uji fitokimia dari ekstrak kental metanol daun srikaya memberikan hasil positif untuk empat senyawa metabolit sekunder antara lain flavonoid, alkaloid, dan terpenoid, sedangkan untuk steroid dan saponin memberikan hasil negatif. Uji mortalitas terhadap fraksi dari ekstrak daun srikaya antara lain fraksi metanol, etil asetat dan n-heksan dilakukan pengamatan selama 1���-24 jam, ditemukan fraksi metanol pada variasi konsentrasi 1%, 2,5%, 5%, 7,5%, dan 10% menunjukkan tingkat antimakan hama sebesar 63.33%, 73.88%, 75.52%, 100% dan 100%, sehingga pada konsentrasi 7,5% dan 10% memberikan pengaruh antimakan paling tinggi sebesar 100%. Adapun untuk fraksi etil asetat pada variasi konsentrasi 1%, 2,5%, 5%, 7,5%, dan 10% menunjukkan tingkat antimakan hama sebesar 53.36%, 63.43%, 68.33%, 75.20% dan 85.34%, sehingga pada konsentrasi 10% memberikan pengaruh antimakan tertinggi sebesar 85.34%. Untuk fraksi n-heksan pada variasi konsentrasi 1%, 2,5%, 5%, 7,5%, dan 10% menunjukkan tingkat antimakan hama sebesar 58.78%, 64.42%, 84.34%, 85.23% dan 85.34%, sehingga pada konsentrasi 10% memberikan pengaruh antimakan tertinggi sebesar 78%. Kata kunci: Biji Srikaya, Insektisida Nabati, Uji Fitokimia, Uji Antimakan ABSTRACT Ahmad Randi. 2020. "Methanol Extract of Srikaya Seed (Annona Squamosa L) as a Vegetable Insecticide Against Pests Against Ladybugs (Epilechna Varivestis)". Thesis, Chemistry Education Study Program, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, State University of Gorontalo. Advisor I Dr. Opir Rumape, M.Si and Supervisor II Dra. Nurhayati Bialangi, M.Si. This study aims to determine the content of secondary metabolites in srikaya seed extract (Annona squamosa L) as a botanical insecticide that can cause anti-eating against ladybugs (Epilechna Varivestis). The extraction method used was maceration extraction with methanol and fractionated with n-hexane and ethyl acetate solvents. Phytochemical tests and mortality tests for active fractions were carried out on armyworm pests. The phytochemical test of the thick methanol extract of srikaya leaves gave positive results for four secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids, while for steroids and saponins it gave negative results. The mortality test for fractions of srikaya leaf extract, including the methanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane fractions, was observed for 1 �- 24 hours, found the methanol fraction at various concentrations of 1%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10% indicates that the level of pest control is 63.33%, 73.88%, 75.52%, 100% and 100%, so that at a concentration of 7.5% and 10%, the effect of anti-eating is the highest at 100%. As for the ethyl acetate fraction at various concentrations of 1%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%, the level of pest resistance was 53.36%, 63.43%, 68.33%, 75.20% and 85.34%, so that the concentration 10% gave the highest anti-eating effect of 85.34%. For the n-hexane fraction at various concentrations of 1%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%, the level of pest resistance was 58.78%, 64.42%, 84.34%, 85.23% and 85.34%. 10% gave the highest anti-eating effect at 78%. Keywords: Srikaya Seeds, Vegetable Insecticide, Phytochemical Test, Antifeedant

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Bab I : Pendahuluan

Bab V : Kesimpulan, Saran dan Daftar Pustaka