Penulis / NIM
WIDHYASTI INDAH PERTIWI / 811417146
Program Studi
S1 - KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT
Pembimbing 1 / NIDN
Prof. Dr. SUNARTO KADIR, M.Kes / 0018096605
Pembimbing 2 / NIDN
dr. SRI MANOVITA PATEDA, M. Kes, Ph.D / 0001118004
Abstrak
Widhyasti Indah Pertiwi, 811417146, 2021, Hubungan Perilaku Makan dan Jenis Spektrum Autis dengan Status Gizi Anak Autism Spectrum Disorder di Pusat Layanan Autis Provinsi Gorontalo. Skripsi Jurusan Kesehatan Masyarakat, Fakultas Olah raga dan Kesehatan, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Pembimbing I Dr. Sunarto Kadir, M.Kes dan Pembinging II dr. Sri Manovita Pateda, M.Kes, Ph.D
Perilaku makan dan jenis spektrum autis memiliki hubungan dengan status gizi anak Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Rumusan masalah apakah ada hubungan antara perilaku makan dan jenis spektrum autis dengan status gizi pada anak ASD. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis hubungan perilaku makan dan jenis spektrum autis dengan status gizi anak ASD.
Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan rancangan Cross Sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah anak ASD di Pusat Layanan Autis Provinsi Gorontalo yang berjumlah 42 responden dengan penentuan sampel purposive sampling dengan 32 sampel. Analisis data menggunakan Uji Fisher's exact.
Hasil uji Fisher's exact untuk variabel perilaku makan terdapat 13 sampel (68,4%) yang memiliki perilaku makan picky eater dengan status gizi kurang dan terdapat status gizi lebih sebanyak 2 sampel (10,5%), dan yang bukan picky eater terdapat 3 sampel (23,1%) dengan status gizi lebih. Untuk variabel jenis spektrum autis yang memiliki jenis spektrum autis ringan terdapat 3 sampel (18,8%) dengan status gizi lebih dan jenis spektrum autis sedang terdapat 2 sampel (18,2%) dengan status gizi lebih dan 9 sampel (81,8%) dengan status gizi kurang. Dan jenis spektrum autis berat terdapat 4 sampel (80,0%) dengan status gizi kurang.
Simpulan ada hubungan yang signifikan perilaku makan dengan status gizi anak ASD (p=0,001) dan ada hubungan yang signifikan jenis spektrum autis dengan status gizi anak ASD (p=0,001). Disarankan kepada Pusat Layanan Autis untuk dapat menginformasikan kepada orang tua tentang asupan makanan yang aman dikonsumsi oleh anak autis.
Kata Kunci: ASD, perilaku makan, spektrum autis
ABSTRACT
Widhyasti Indah Pertiwi, Student ID Number 811417146, 2021. The Relationship of Eating Behavior and Types of Autism Spectrum with Nutritional Status of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Children at the Autism Service Center of Gorontalo Province. Undergraduate Thesis. Study Program of Public Health, Faculty of Sports and Health, State University of Gorontalo. The principal supervisor is Dr. Sunarto Kadir, M.Kes, and the Co-supervisor is dr. Sri Manovita Pateda, M.Kes, Ph.D.
Eating behavior and types of autism spectrum have a relationship with the nutritional status of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The formulation of the problem in this study is to find out whether or not there is a relationship between eating behavior and types of autism spectrum with nutritional status in ASD children. This study aims to analyze the relationship between eating behavior and the type of autism spectrum with the nutritional status of ASD children.
This research was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. The population was ASD children at the Autism Service Center of Gorontalo Province which consisted of 42 respondents. The sampling in this study was taken using the purposive sampling technique with a total of 32 respondents. Data analysis used Fisher's Exact Test.
Fisher's exact test results for eating behavior variables can be classified into 3 categories which obtained: 13 samples (68.4°0) who had a picky-eater eating behavior with malnourished status, 2 samples (10.5°0) had a picky-eater eating behavior with overweight status, 3 remaining samples (23.1°o) had nonpicky eater behavior with overweight status. Variable types of autism spectrum can be classified into 4 categories: mild autism spectrum with overweight status amounted to 3 samples (18.8° 0), moderate autism spectrum with overweight status amounted to 2 samples (18.2°o), moderate autism spectrum with malnourished status amounted to 9 samples (81.8°o), and the spectrum of severe autism with malnourished status amounted to 4 samples (80.0%).
The findings yielded that there was a significant relationship between eating behavior and the nutritional status of ASD _ children (p=0.001). Additionally, there was also a significant relationship between the type of autism spectrum and the nutritional status of ASD children (p = 0.001). Thus, it is expected that the Autism Service Center can provide more information to parents with ASD children about food intake that is safe for them to consume.
Keywords: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Eating Behavior, Autism Spectrum
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