ESSAY

Writer / NIM
MUTHIAH RAHMAH ALI / 821416074
Study Program
S1 - FARMASI
Advisor 1 / NIDN
Dr MOHAMMAD ADAM MUSTAPA, S.Si., M.Sc / 0022047702
Advisor 2 / NIDN
MAHDALENA SY. PAKAYA, S.Farm., M.Si, Apt. / 0916069601
Abstract
Abstrak Muthiah Rahmah Ali, 2021. Uji Potensi Antibakteri Ekstrak Batang Gaharu (Gyrinops versteegii) terhadap Bakteri Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus, Program Studi s1 Farmasi, Jurusan Farmasi, Fakultas Olahraga dan Kesehatan, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Pembimbing I Moh. Adam Mustapa, S.Si., M.Sc. dan Pembimbing II Mahdalena Sy Pakaya, M.Si., Apt. Penyakit infeksi merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang paling utama di Indonesia maupun di negara-negara berkembang lainnya. Kontaminasi mikroba berkaitan dengan penyebab infeksi tersebut. Infeksi dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai mikroba seperti bakteri, virus, jamur, dan protozoa. Salah satu tumbuhan berkhasiat obat yang berada di Indonesia adalah gaharu (Gyrinops verseteegii). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur potensi ekstrak batang gaharu (Gyrinops versteegii) terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus. Dimana simplisia batang gaharu diekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi bertingkat dengan pelarut n-Heksan, etil asetat dan metanol. Hasil uji aktivitas antibakteri terhadap 3 ekstrak tersebut yaitu ekstrak etil asetat mampu menghambat pertumbuhan Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus. Hasil skrining ekstrak etil asetat mengandung alkaloid, terpenoid dan tanin. Kontrol positif yang digunakan yaitu kloramfenikol dan kontrol negatif yaitu Dimetil Sulfoksida (DMSO). Hasil uji KHM ekstrak batang gaharu terhadap Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus yaitu pada konsentrasi 50% ditandai dengan tidak terjadi kekeruhan dan 50% untuk nilai KBM dimana tidak terjadi pertumbuhan bakteri pada media Nutrien Agar (NA). Hasil uji potensi ekstrak etil asetat batang gaharu terhadap Escherichia coli pada konsentrasi 25%, 50%, 100% dengan zona hambat yang dihasilkan yaitu 7,85 mm dimana masuk kategori sedang, 10,6 mm dan 13,45 mm dimana masuk dalam kategori kuat. Sedangkan uji potensi ekstrak etil asetat batang gaharu terhadap Staphylococcus aureus pada konsentrasi 25%, 50%, 100% dengan zona hambat yang dihasilkan yaitu 8,1 mm dimana masuk dalam kategori sedang, 13,2 mm dan 16 mm dimana masuk dalam kategori kuat dalam menghambat bakteri. Kata kunci : Ekstrak Batang Gaharu (Gyrinops versteegii), Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Kadar Hambat Minimum, Kadar Bunuh Minimum, Potensi antibakteri. Abstract Muthiah Rahmah Ali, 2021. Antibacterial Potential Test in Agarwood (Gyrinops versteegii) Stem Extract towards Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Bachelor's Degree Program in Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sport and Health, State University of Gorontalo. The principal supervisor is Moh. Adam Mustapa, S.Si., M.Sc. and the co-supervisor is Mahdalena Sy. Pakaya, M.Si.,Apt. Infection disease is one of the most common health problems in many developing countries, including Indonesia where the contamination of microbe is associated with cause of the infection. The infection can be caused by various microorganisms such as bacteria, virus, fungus, and protozoa. Fortunately, Indonesia's medicinal plant varies and one of which is agarwood (Gyrinops versteegii). This study aims at measuring the potential of agarwood (Gyrinops versteegii) stem extract towards Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. In this study, the simplicia of agarwood stem is extracted by applying multilevel maceration method with n-Hexane solvent, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The result of antibacterial activity testing over three extracts reveals that the ethyl acetate extract can inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. In addition, the result of screening in the ethyl acetate extract discovers that it contains alkaloid, terpenoid, and tannin where the positive control used is chloramphenicol and the negative control is Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO). The result of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration test in the agarwood stem extract towards Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus shows that the concentration of 50% is marked with absence of turbidity, whereas 50% in the Lowest Lethal Dose value signifies absence of growth in the bacteria in the Nutrient Agar (NA) media. Additionally, the result of potential test of agarwood stem ethyl acetate extract towards Escherichia coli in concentration of 25%, 50%, and 100% with an inhibition zone created of 7,85 mm where it includes in medium category, and 10,6 mm and 13,45 mm that include im strong category. In the meantime, the result of potential test of agarwood stem ethyl acetate extract towards Staphylococcus aureus in concentration of 25%, 50%, and 100% with an inhibition zone created of 8,1 mm where it includes in medium category, and 13,2 mm and 16 mm that include in storng category in inhibiting bacteria. Keywords : Agarwood (Gyrinops versteegii) Stem Extract, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration, Lowest Lethal Dose, Antibacterial Potential.
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